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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? A three-prong approach is often recommended to treat anxiety disorders: psychotherapy, exercise and medication. Antidepressants are the primary treatment for anxiety. Newer medications, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone, that have a lower risk of suicide and have fewer adverse effects, are more well-tolerated by patients than antidepressants that are older like tCAs or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Most people can manage anxiety symptoms with medications that reduce the anxiety signals in the brain. I Am Psychiatry include SSRIs and SNRIs. Benzodiazepines These drugs act by helping to bind the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA at a variety of receptors throughout the central nervous system. They are considered to be a more safe and less toxic class of CNS depressants than their predecessors barbiturates. They are used to treat seizure disorders as anxiolytics and anticonvulsants. They are prescribed in low doses and are less likely than older drugs to cause anticholinergic toxicities or delirium. However, there are significant risks and adverse effects that must be considered prior to taking these medications. For instance, long-term use of benzodiazepines can cause impairment to memory and cause withdrawal symptoms, particularly when the drug is combined alongside other CNS depressants, such as alcohol or opioids. Certain people may also discover that it diminishes the effectiveness of antidepressants. The use of benzodiazepines is not recommended for children or geriatric patients and should be avoided in conjunction with medical conditions such as depression. They are available in a variety of strengths and formulations, and have different pharmacological characteristics. They differ in the speed at which they work and last, as well as the length of time they last, as well as their adverse effects. The longer-acting benzodiazepines like chlordiazepoxide (Librium) and clorazepate (Tranxene) and Clobazam (Onfi) and diazepam (Valium), are used for insomnia and anxiety and alprazolam (Xanax) and lorazepam (Ativan) and midazolam (Versed) are used to induce anesthesia as well as for seizures and other seizure disorders. Constipation, fatigue and blurred vision are among the most frequently reported adverse effects of benzodiazepines. Certain people may also experience nausea, headaches, and weight loss. However, these side effects are generally minor and will disappear with continued use. Benzodiazepines should be tapered, rather than abruptly stopped since it may cause withdrawal symptoms that include insomnia, irritability and anxiety attacks. Other medications that can help with anxiety disorders include SSRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs; antidepressants that are not typical, such as mirtazapine and beta-blockers. SSRIs and SNRIs work to increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within your brain, which helps reduce anxiety. Atypical antidepressants increase these chemicals through various pathways and are able to treat other mental conditions, such as depression. Beta-blockers, commonly heart medications, may also be used in small doses to treat anxiety like stage fright by blocking the adrenaline rush that causes heartbeats to be rapid and shakey. SSRIs The most popular medications used to treat anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These drugs increase the levels of serotonin, an important neurotransmitter that affects mood. They also increase levels of norepinephrine, another neurotransmitter that affects mood. The most well-known SSRIs for anxiety are paroxetine (Paxil) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These SSRIs include citalopram and sertraline, and nefazodone. There are other medicines that can help alleviate anxiety-related symptoms. Antihistamines and beta-blockers, alpha and beta (e.g. propranolol, clonidine) along with benzodiazepines and others are all available. Antihistamines can be extremely helpful during a panic attack as they can cause a state of drowsiness that can reduce anxiety. They can cause adverse effects like constipation, dry mouth and the feeling of sedation. They can also have risks when taken while driving and you may develop an addiction to the medication. Benzodiazepines which are sedatives, work by enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters that transmit signals between brain cells. These drugs are prescribed to relax you and get to sleep. They are only meant to be used for short-term use. These medications can become addictive, so it is recommended to only take them under the supervision of a medical professional. Tricyclic antidepressants, also known as older medications, can also be effective in treating anxiety. These drugs function similar to SSRIs, increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine levels in your body. These medications are typically initially taken at a low dose and then increased gradually. Certain medications can cause weight gain, sedation, dry mouth and urinary tract issues as well as arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are also older antidepressants that have been proven to be effective in treating anxiety however, they are not widely used because of side effects like dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may also interact with certain food items and medications, such as SSRIs, certain birth control pills, cold and allergy medicine as well as acetaminophen and Ibuprofen. Making the right choices for anxiety can make you feel more relaxed and in control of your life. In addition, it is important to use strategies for managing stress. Avoiding unhealthy foods and exercise, avoiding alcohol and tobacco and avoiding watching or reading news stories that could trigger anxiety are important steps. You can join an anxiety support group to meet others who suffer from similar issues and learn how to cope. Tricyclic antidepressants A variety of drugs are able to treat anxiety disorders, including benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and tricyclic antidepressants. Certain of these medications increase the levels of certain brain chemicals like serotonin or norepinephrine. These medications can be taken as often or as required. Some take some time to begin working, but can completely remove anxiety or make it more manageable. However, they will not perform if the medication has been stopped. SSRIs can be used to treat anxiety and also prevent symptoms from returning. These include citalopram (Celexa) as well as the escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluvoxamine (Fluoxetine) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRIs have minimal side-effects and are generally safe. SSRIs can be combined with other treatments for anxiety, including psychotherapy or exercise. Another kind of medication that could be used to treat anxiety is beta blockers. These drugs are primarily prescribed for heart problems, but can be helpful for those suffering from anxiety and fears. They help reduce anxiety symptoms by reducing heart rate and decreasing blood pressure. Propranolol and Atenolol are the most commonly prescribed beta blockers. People suffering from a phobia or a panic disorder can occasionally benefit from sedatives such as lorazepam and alprazolam. These medications can be taken prior to an event that is stressful and can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They can be habit-forming, so it is important to only use them as necessary. In general, SSRIs or SNRIs can be used as first-line medications to treat anxiety. They are safe, well-tolerated and are effective in controlled, randomized trials. However, the unique characteristics of drugs and the comorbidities of patients should be taken into consideration. For example, a patient who has an history of depression might require more medication than someone who does not have. Monoamineamine Oxygenase (MAOI) is the most effective treatment of anxiety about performance or social. These medications increase the quantity of neurotransmitters which regulate mood. They are typically started with a small dose and gradually increased. They can be used as a single or in combination with a benzodiazepine. Many medications, such as SSRIs, birth control pills, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, cold and allergy medications, as well as herbal supplements, can interact with MAOIs therefore it is crucial to discuss your options for medication with your doctor. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Many medications are used to treat anxiety disorders, and they work well for many people. This includes benzodiazepines as well as antidepressants. Benzodiazepines act as GABA-A agonists and can be beneficial in the short term to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are also helpful in reducing seizures, muscle spasms and hypnotic state. Benzodiazepines are addictive and should not be used for long-term use. Antidepressants however can help reduce depression and anxiety. These medications can take anywhere from four to six weeks to begin working however they are efficient for the majority of people. Some people can have sexual side effects from these drugs, but they're usually manageable. SSRIs along with SNRIs, raise levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, two important neurotransmitters and hormones that affect mood. They are usually the first-line treatment for many anxiety disorders. They can be used daily to control symptoms, or they can be used as needed. Antidepressants can cause a myriad of adverse effects, such as dry mouth, nausea and weight increase. They can also increase the risk of suicidal ideation, so you should only use them for as long as is necessary. Another option is beta-blockers, which are traditionally used to treat heart problems. Propranolol, also known as Inderal, is often prescribed to treat social anxiety disorders off-label. This medication is a great option to treat physical symptoms of anxiety, such as shaking or high blood pressure. It also helps reduce stress hormones such as adrenaline and norepinephrine that are produced in the state of anxiety. Anticonvulsants like gabapentin, pregabalin, and tiagabine are all derived from GABAergic properties. These medications have FDA approval for neuropathic pain and antidepressant pain. Tricyclic antidepressants, or TCAs, are another medication that boosts levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. They also reduce the activity of monoamine oxide which is responsible for breaking down these chemicals. They are also able to reduce the effects of mania and bipolar disorder. These medications can cause a variety of adverse effects, including weight gain, dry mouth and sedation. These drugs can also increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension.